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【.Net Core】WebApi文件上传

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本文字数： 9.7k 阅读时长 ≈ 9 分钟

支持多个文件上传，支持附带Json数据。

后台接口：

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[HttpPost]
[Route("UploadFile")]
public async Task<IActionResult> UploadFile()
{
    var files = Request.Form.Files;
    var data = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<UploadFileEntity>(Request.Form["data"]);

    string snPath = $"{_hostingEnvironment.WebRootPath}//{_config["UploadPath"]}//{data.sn}";
    foreach (var item in data.files)
    {
        var processPath = $"{snPath}//{ ConversionPath(item.processPath)}";
        if (!Directory.Exists(processPath))
        {
            Directory.CreateDirectory(processPath);
        }
        var file = files.Where(p => p.FileName == item.fileName).FirstOrDefault();

        if (file!=null && file.Length != 0)
        {
            // 只保留三份有效文件 
            DirectoryInfo di = new DirectoryInfo(processPath);
            FileInfo[] oldFiles = di.GetFiles($"*{file.FileName}");
            string newFileName = $"{(oldFiles.Length + 1)}_{file.FileName}";
            if (oldFiles.Length == 3)
            {
                newFileName = oldFiles.OrderBy(f => f.LastWriteTime).FirstOrDefault().Name;
            }
            var filePath = $"{processPath}//{newFileName}";
            using (var stream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Create))
            {
                await file.CopyToAsync(stream);
            }
        }
    }
    return NoContent();
}

private string ConversionPath(string processPath)
{
    return Regex.Replace(processPath.Replace("\\","_"), "/|:|：|“|”|<|>| ", "_").ToLower().TrimEnd('_');
}

参数实体：

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public class UploadFileEntity
{
    public string sn { get; set; }
    public List<File> files { get; set; }
}
public class File
{
    public string processPath { get; set; }
    public string fileName { get; set; }
}

测试例子，用Ajax上传：

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>Document</title>
    <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-2.2.4.min.js"
        integrity="sha256-BbhdlvQf/xTY9gja0Dq3HiwQF8LaCRTXxZKRutelT44=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <div>
        <form id="uploadForm">
            DC进程文件上传： <input type="file" name="file" multiple />
            <input type="button" value="上传" onclick="doUpload()" />
        </form>
    </div>
</body>
<script>
    function doUpload() {
        var formData = new FormData($("#uploadForm")[0]);
        const data = {
            sn: "19F73025F392DDC2CAD7D436D50AB0DAAADF37932EF11BD846C4542798EEE8B0735A8D34E80AF96E866A3BC20F87871E",
            files: [
                {
                    processPath: "C:/abc/def/",
                    fileName: "新建文本文档 - 副本 (2).txt"
                },
                {
                    processPath: "D:/test/def",
                    fileName: "新建文本文档 - 副本 (3) - 副本.txt"
                }
            ]
        }
        formData.append("data", JSON.stringify(data));
        $.ajax({
            url: 'http://192.168.1.231:8844/api/DCClient/UploadFile',
            type: 'POST',
            data: formData,
            contentType: false,
            processData: false,
            success: function (returndata) {
                alert(returndata);
            },
            error: function (returndata) {
                alert(returndata);
            }
        });
    }
</script>
</html>

控制台程序模拟上传：

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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;

namespace demo
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 表单数据项
    /// </summary>
    public class FormItemModel
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 表单键，request["key"]
        /// </summary>
        public string Key { set; get; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 表单值,上传文件时忽略，request["key"].value
        /// </summary>
        public string Value { set; get; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 是否是文件
        /// </summary>
        public bool IsFile
        {
            get
            {
                if (FileContent == null || FileContent.Length == 0)
                    return false;

                if (FileContent != null && FileContent.Length > 0 && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(FileName))
                    throw new Exception("上传文件时 FileName 属性值不能为空");
                return true;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 上传的文件名
        /// </summary>
        public string FileName { set; get; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 上传的文件内容
        /// </summary>
        public Stream FileContent { set; get; }
    }
}

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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;

namespace demo
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var url = "http://127.0.0.1:5000/api/DCClient/UploadFile";
            var log1 = @".\新建文本文档 - 副本 (2).txt";
            var log2 = @".\新建文本文档 - 副本 (3) - 副本.txt";
            var formDatas = new List<FormItemModel>();
            //添加文件
            formDatas.Add(new FormItemModel()
            {
                Key = "log1",
                Value = "",
                FileName = "新建文本文档 - 副本 (2).txt",
                FileContent = File.OpenRead(log1)
            });
            formDatas.Add(new FormItemModel()
            {
                Key = "log2",
                Value = "",
                FileName = "新建文本文档 - 副本 (3) - 副本.txt",
                FileContent = File.OpenRead(log2)
            });
            formDatas.Add(new FormItemModel()
            {
                Key = "data",
                Value = "{'sn':'1BB6D070D1B3DAEE3483604CB2DE6646D142E44B3E0927B772AC5B55E614ACA6A554B4A38DF8BC32','files':[{'processPath':'E:\\DataConnect_V1.2.3 - 测试1\\DataConnect_V1.2.3\\Model\\','fileName':'DataMap.map'}]}"
            });
            //提交表单
            var result = PostForm(url, formDatas);
            Console.ReadKey();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 使用Post方法获取字符串结果
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url"></param>
        /// <param name="formItems">Post表单内容</param>
        /// <param name="cookieContainer"></param>
        /// <param name="timeOut">默认20秒</param>
        /// <param name="encoding">响应内容的编码类型（默认utf-8）</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string PostForm(string url, List<FormItemModel> formItems, CookieContainer cookieContainer = null, string refererUrl = null, Encoding encoding = null, int timeOut = 20000 * 3)
        {
            HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
            #region 初始化请求对象
            request.Method = "POST";
            request.Timeout = timeOut;
            request.Accept = "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8";
            request.KeepAlive = true;
            request.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/31.0.1650.57 Safari/537.36";
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(refererUrl))
                request.Referer = refererUrl;
            if (cookieContainer != null)
                request.CookieContainer = cookieContainer;
            #endregion

            string boundary = "----" + DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("x");//分隔符
            request.ContentType = string.Format("multipart/form-data; boundary={0}", boundary);
            //请求流
            var postStream = new MemoryStream();
            #region 处理Form表单请求内容
            //是否用Form上传文件
            var formUploadFile = formItems != null && formItems.Count > 0;
            if (formUploadFile)
            {
                //文件数据模板
                string fileFormdataTemplate =
                    "\r\n--" + boundary +
                    "\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"; filename=\"{1}\"" +
                    "\r\nContent-Type: application/octet-stream" +
                    "\r\n\r\n";
                //文本数据模板
                string dataFormdataTemplate =
                    "\r\n--" + boundary +
                    "\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"" +
                    "\r\n\r\n{1}";
                foreach (var item in formItems)
                {
                    string formdata = null;
                    if (item.IsFile)
                    {
                        //上传文件
                        formdata = string.Format(
                            fileFormdataTemplate,
                            item.Key, //表单键
                            item.FileName);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        //上传文本
                        formdata = string.Format(
                            dataFormdataTemplate,
                            item.Key,
                            item.Value);
                    }

                    //统一处理
                    byte[] formdataBytes = null;
                    //第一行不需要换行
                    if (postStream.Length == 0)
                        formdataBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(formdata.Substring(2, formdata.Length - 2));
                    else
                        formdataBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(formdata);
                    postStream.Write(formdataBytes, 0, formdataBytes.Length);

                    //写入文件内容
                    if (item.FileContent != null && item.FileContent.Length > 0)
                    {
                        using (var stream = item.FileContent)
                        {
                            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
                            int bytesRead = 0;
                            while ((bytesRead = stream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) != 0)
                            {
                                postStream.Write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                //结尾
                var footer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "--\r\n");
                postStream.Write(footer, 0, footer.Length);
            }
            else
            {
                request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
            }
            #endregion

            request.ContentLength = postStream.Length;

            #region 输入二进制流
            if (postStream != null)
            {
                postStream.Position = 0;
                //直接写入流
                Stream requestStream = request.GetRequestStream();

                byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
                int bytesRead = 0;
                while ((bytesRead = postStream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) != 0)
                {
                    requestStream.Write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
                }

                ////debug
                //postStream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
                //StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(postStream);
                //var postStr = sr.ReadToEnd();
                postStream.Close();//关闭文件访问
            }
            #endregion

            HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
            if (cookieContainer != null)
            {
                response.Cookies = cookieContainer.GetCookies(response.ResponseUri);
            }

            using (Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream())
            {
                using (StreamReader myStreamReader = new StreamReader(responseStream, encoding ?? Encoding.UTF8))
                {
                    string retString = myStreamReader.ReadToEnd();
                    return retString;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}